Ling 115
Writing Systems

Schedule

Fall 2008

This page gives the schedule of topics and assigned readings for Linguistics 115: Writing Systems at the University of Pennsylvania. The basic readings are from the Robinson textbook, The Story of Writing, by page number; online readings are listed with direct links to either html or pdf files. These may be updated during the semester, so check back every week. Other relevant pages are the syllabus, glossary, phonetic symbols, study guide, and course description.

The notes and pictures that are used in lectures are all available on the web for study and review by students in the course; simply click on the links in this schedule. These pages are password-protected because many of the images are copyrighted and fair use restricts them to students in the course. Type the username and password given out in class when prompted by your web browser (contact the professor or the TA if you need help). Without this information, you will not be able to access the links below. Also, be sure that your browser is Unicode compatible.

Links on this page will typically not become usable until just before the relevant week (by Sunday evening). There is no class on September 1st (Labor Day), October 13th (Fall Break), or November 26th (the day before Thanksgiving). There are recitation sections the first week of class (Sept 4th and 5th).

Week 1 What is writing?
Sept 1 No class:
Labor Day
Robinson
pp. 36–51: Sound, Symbol and Script
pp. 52–57: Proto-Writing
Online
Wikipedia articles on transcription and transliteration

Homework 1
due Sept 10:

assignment;
answers

Sept 3 Typology
Transliteration
Greek
Week 2 Mesopotamian cuneiform
Sept 8 Background
Structure
Robinson
pp. 58–67: Proto-Writing (cont.)
pp. 70–91: Cuneiform
p. 145: Difficulties of Decipherment
p. 151: Proto-Elamite
Online
Wilford (1999), Who Began Writing?  [html or pdf]
Michalowski (1997), Adaptation of Cuneiform to Akkadian  [html]
Houston, Baines, and Cooper (2003): Last Writing, pp. 430–435, 450–456 [pdf]

Homework 2
due Sept 17:

assignment;
answers

Sept 10 Structure (cont.)
Texts
Week 3 Egyptian hieroglyphs
Sept 15 Background
Earliest writing
Robinson
pp. 20–35: Reading the Rosetta Stone
pp. 92–107: Egyptian Hieroglyphs
Online
Metropolitan Museum of Art: Summary of History [pdf]
Metropolitan Museum of Art: Hieroglyphs and Art [pdf]
Houston, Baines, and Cooper (2003): Last Writing, pp. 435–450 [pdf]
Egyptian Phonograms [pdf]

Homework 3
due Sept 24:

assignment;
answers

Sept 17 Structure
Texts
Week 4 Maya hieroglyphs
Sept 22 Background
Structure
Robinson
pp. 120–143: Mayan Glyphs
Online
Lawler (2006): Claim of Oldest New World Writing Excites Archaeologists [pdf]
Kettunen and Helmke (2005): Introduction to Maya Hieroglyphs, pp. 5–18 [pdf]
Kettunen and Helmke (2005): Syllable Charts [pdf]
Houston, Baines, and Cooper (2003): Last Writing, pp. 457–470 [pdf]

Homework 4
due Oct 1 :

assignment;
answers

Sept 24 Structure (cont.)
Texts
(Other systems)
Week 5 Chinese morphosyllabic writing
Sept 29 Language
Historical development
Robinson
p. 181: The Mystique of the Alphabet
pp. 182–197: Chinese Writing
Online
John DeFrancis (1989): Chinese [html or pdf]
Zhou Youguang (2003): Breakup of Homophones [html or pdf]
optional: William Boltz (1986): Early Chinese Writing [pdf]

Homework 5
due Oct 8 :

assignment;
answers

Oct 1 Structure
Morphemes
Week 6 Japanese writing: A mixed system
Oct 6 Language
Kanji
Robinson
pp. 198–209: Japanese Writing
Online
J. Marshall Unger (1996): The Modern Japanese Writing System [html or pdf]
J. Marshall Unger (1987): The Price of Tradition [html or pdf]

No homework due next week.
No recitation sections Oct 9–10.

Oct 8 Kana
Text
Week 7 Phonographic writing in East Asia
Oct 13 No class:
Fall Break
Robinson
p. 176: An Alphabet Invented by a King
Online
Korean Language School (2006): Short History of the Korean Alphabet [pdf]
Stephen Wright (2004): Linguistic and Philosophical Origins of the Korean Alphabet [pdf]

No homework due next week.
Study for the midterm.

Oct 15 Yi and Vietnamese
Korean
Week 8 Syllabic writing
Oct 20 Midterm
(see answers)
Robinson
pp. 108–119: Linear B
p. 149: Cretan Linear A
p. 180: The Cherokee Alphabet
Online
David Sansone (2003): Greece in the Bronze Age [pdf]
Helène Whittaker (2005): Social and symbolic aspects of Minoan writing [pdf]

Homework 6
due Oct 29 :

assignment;
answers

Oct 22 Syllabaries
Cherokee and Cree
Linear B, Cypriot, Texts
optional: Undeciphered
Week 9 Alphasyllabic systems
Oct 27 Indus Valley
Early Indic
Robinson
pp. 146–148: Seal Secrets of the Indus; The Indus Script
p. 175: Indian Scripts
Online
Steven M. Kossak and Edith W. Watts (2001): South Asia [pdf]
Andrew Lawler (2004): The Indus Script — Write or Wrong? [pdf]

Homework 7
due Nov 5 :

assignment;
answers

Oct 29 Indic descendents
Ethiopic
Texts
Week 10 Consonantal writing
Nov 3 Early alphabets
Further developments
Robinson
pp. 159–165: The First Alphabet
p. 169: The Family of Alphabets
pp. 172–174: Hebrew and the Aramaic Script; The Arabic Script
Online
A.R. Millard (1986): The Infancy of the Alphabet [pdf]
Bruce Fellman (2000): The Birthplace of the ABCs [html]

Homework 8
due Nov 12:

assignment;
answers

Nov 5 Modern alphabets
Texts
Week 11 The alphabetic principle in Greece
Nov 10 Transmission
Epichoric alphabets
Robinson
pp. 170–171: The Greek and Latin Letters
Online
Timeline of Ancient Greece [pdf]
Sven-Tage Teodorsson (2006): Eastern Literacy, Greek Alphabet, and Homer [pdf] through p. 175

Homework 9
due Nov 19:

assignment; chart;
answers

Nov 12 Classical writing
Descendent alphabets
(More inscriptions)
Week 12 The alphabet in Italy and early England
Nov 17 Etruscan
Latin
Robinson
pp. 152–154: Greek but not Greek: Etruscan; Etruscan Inscriptions
pp. 177–179: Runes; Reading the Runes
Online
Timeline of Ancient Rome [pdf]
Wilford (2003): Lost No More: An Etruscan Rebirth [html]
James Campbell (2000): Britain, AD 500 [html]

Homework 10
due Monday, Nov 24:

assignment; chart;
answers

Nov 19 Old English
Middle English
Week 13 English orthography
Nov 24 Modern English
The alphabet
Online
 
Brett Kessler and Rebecca Treiman (2003): Is English spelling chaotic? [pdf]

No homework due next week.

Thanksgiving Break,
Nov 27–28.

Nov 26 No class:
Thanksgiving Break
Week 14 Implications of literacy
Dec 1 Written language and literacy
Robinson
pp. 211–217: From Hieroglyphs to Alphabets — and Back?
Online
Per Linell (1982): Speech and Writing. [html]
Sylvia Scribner and Michael Cole (1981): The Practice of Literacy. [large pdf]

Study for the final exam.

Dec 3 Vai literacy
Review session

Tuesday,
Dec 9

3-4:30 pm

College Hall, room 314 (the usual classroom)

 
Final exam

Wednesday,
Dec 10

12–2 pm  

Steinberg-Dietrich Hall, room 1206 (turn right from Locust Walk entrance).